Precipitation deficiencies and excesses during the growing season of winter rape and winter wheat in Poland (1971-2010)
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| Authors: | Barbara Skowera1, Joanna Kopcińska2, Marek Kołodziejczyk3, Bogumiła Kopeć1 1Department of Ecology, Climatology and Air Protection, Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Land Surveying, University of Agriculture al. Mickiewicza 24/28, 30-059 Kraków 2Department of Applied Mathematics, Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Land Surveying, University of Agriculture ul. Balicka 253C, 31-149 Kraków 3Institute of Crop Production, Faculty of Agriculture and Economics, University of Agriculture al. Mickiewicza 21, 31-120 Kraków |
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| Abstract : | This paper presents an analysis of the deficiencies and excesses of precipitation occurring during the growing season of winter rape and winter wheat in the context of rising air temperatures in Poland in 1971-2010. The greatest frequency of precipitation deficiencies in winter wheat production in April and July was registered in the north-eastern region of Poland (Olsztyn), in May in Poznan region and in June in Lublin region. Analysis of the levels of precipitation deficiencies and excesses during the spring-summer period of winter wheat and winter rape vegetation in 1971-2010 did not reveal significant trends of changes despite their spatial and time diversification. Total precipitation deficiencies during April-June period for winter rape was the highest in Poznan region (62 mm) and the lowest in Olsztyn region (39 mm). Winter wheat highest precipitation deficiency was observed in Poznan region (59 mm), while the lowest in Lublin (34 mm), and their amounts were lower comparing to winter rape. In winter rape production, precipitation excesses were less frequently observed than precipitation deficiencies. The greatest frequency of precipitation excesses for winter wheat was registered in June in Olsztyn region. The greatest frequency of precipitation excesses in winter wheat production in June and July was registered in the regions of Olsztyn and Koszalin; in April and June in Lublin. Precipitation excess totals during the April-June period for winter rape were the highest in Lublin region (45 mm) and the lowest in Opole region (22 mm). Winter wheat excesses of precipitation during April-July period were bigger compared to winter rape; the greatest amounts were observed in Koszalin region (72mm), while the lowest in Lublin region (43 mm). |
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| Keywords : | deficiencies of precipitation, excesses of precipitation, winter rape, winter wheat | ||||||||
| Language : | English | ||||||||