Separation of ergot sclerotia from threshed rye grain
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| Authors: | Krzysztof Jadwisieńczak1, Zdzisław Kaliniewicz1, Katarzyna Zalewska1 1Department of Working Machines and Research Methodology University of Warmia and Mazury ul. M. Oczapowskiego 11, 10-736 Olsztyn |
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| Abstract : | The objective of this study was to characterise selected physical attributes of rye seeds and ergot sclerotia and to determine the parameters of their separation process. The experimental material comprised rye grain cv. Dańkowskie Złote contaminated with excessive quantities of ergot sclerotia (approx. 0.2% of raw material mass). Critical transport velocity, basic dimensions (thickness, width and length), angle of sliding friction (on steel, canvas and rubber), weight, shape factors, cross-sectional area, volume and density of rye seeds and ergot sclerotia were determined. The analysed attributes were compared by single classification analysis of variance, correlation analysis and stepwise regression with elimination of independent variables. The separation process was designed based on indicators of mixture separation efficiency, material purity standards and seed cleaning loss. In comparison with ergot sclerotia, rye seeds are characterised by higher average critical transport velocity, greater thickness, shape factor β and density. Their length, angle of sliding friction on steel and rubber, weight, shape factor α and volume are smaller than the corresponding parameters in ergot sclerotia. Despite significant differences between the average values of the analysed traits, the calculated indicators of mixture separation efficiency were very low, indicating a considerable overlap between the distribution patterns of the examined attributes. The potentially highest separation efficiency was achieved when width and length were used as separation parameters. The separation process involved three stages in which fine particles from the mesh sieve as well as the longest and shortest particles from the grader were discarded. In products that meet standard requirements and in processes where cleaning losses do not exceed 10%, the content of ergot sclerotia in raw material should not exceed 0.17%. |
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| Keywords : | rye seeds, ergot sclerotia, physical attributes, correlations, separation | ||||||||
| Language : | Polish | ||||||||